父母處罰任性的孩子等於懲罰自己 Punish Unruly Kids Parents Penalish Themselves

父母處罰任性的孩子等於懲罰自己

根據一個管教孩子訓練計劃對父母的估價，對於性子硬而不易動感情 (CU) 的4-8歲男孩子而言，紀律或處罰 (例如將他們暫時隔離) 的效用較低。

有CU性情的孩子

新南威爾斯大學心理學家Dr David Hawes指，有CU性情的孩子較少為他們的行為對他人構成的影響，表現出同情心和罪疚感。「他們的行為問題會較為極端，例如是對他人作出蓄意或掠奪成性的侵犯行為、故意違反規則、偷竊、說謊和不服從。」

他們的情緒波動較低，亦不會為他人的情感而有甚麼反應，尤其在具挑釁性的情況下。這麼的說，適用於多數鰥子的規則或不適合這些孩子，亦即是說，他們或需要另一套紀律規則。

父母處罰孩子

父母處罰有CU性情的孩子，可能只是懲罰自己。為孩子對懲罰不以為意，而加倍處罰他們，可是父母作的最大的錯誤。

這些孩子一般不大為意別人予他們的懲罰，可卻為他人就他們的良好的行為作出的鼓勵和獎勵動容，例如稱讚及父母與他們共度優質的相處時間。

「我們的研究展示了，即使父母的管教孩子的方法是恰當的，但孩子那般的性格卻有礙改變他們的行為的程度。至於給父母的管教孩子的訓練計劃，一般則是適用於學前兒童。」Dr Hawes說。

一些孩子不為這些管教方法所影響，多數的說法指，是由於一些可影響父母教育子女方式的壓力。可是，這麼的理論只是集中看孩子的性格，可在那些方面影響到現行的管教方法。

要實在的瞭解那些性格特徵，可怎的妨礙改善他們的行為，我們需要細看一些別的因素，例如是他們的性格，可如何令父母以不同的方法來對待他們。

Punish Unruly Kids Parents Penalise Themselves

For to eight year-old boys who have a "callous-unemotional" (CU) temperament are less responsive to discipline, such as time-outs, compared to children without these traits, according to an evaluation of a child-management training program for parents.

Kids with CU-temperament

Children with a CU-temperament tend to show a lack of empathy and guilt about the impact of their actions on others, noted psychologist Dr David Hawes from the University of New South Wales.  "Behavioural problems are often more extreme among children who have CU traits, which can include deliberate or predatory aggression, deliberate rule-breaking, stealing, lying and disobedience."

They also exhibit a low level of emotionality  and are unresponsive to emotions in others, especially when it comes to aggression.  It means that these children may require different approaches to discipline than those that work for most children.

Parents' punishment to these children

Parents who punish kids who show CU-temperament could be just punishing themselves.  One of the worst mistakes parents make when a child does not respond to punishment is to increase the severity of punishment.

These children appear to respond poorly to punishment, yet they respond well to incentives and rewards for good behaviour, such as praise and quality-time with parents.

"Our research reveals that these child-characteristics appear to limit the extent to which behaviour can be changed, even when parents develop the appropriate child management skills.  And, child-management training programs are generally effective in the preschool years," Dr Hawes says.

For reasons why some children do not respond to these programs, most explanations have focused on stressors in the family that affect parenting, however research is only starting to look at characteristics of the child that may influence the effectiveness of current treatments.

To understand exactly how these traits limit the improvements, it is necessary to look at factors such as how these traits may cause parents to treat to their children differently.